To graph the sine function, we mark the angle along the horizontal x axis, and for each angle, we put the sine of that angle on the vertical y-axis. The result, as seen above, is a smooth curve that varies from +1 to -1. This shape is also called a sine wave, especially when it appears in radio and electronic circuits.

The period of the sine curve is the length of one cycle of the curve. The natural period of the sine curve is 2π. So, a coefficient of b=1 is equivalent to a period of 2π. To get the period of the sine curve for any coefficient b, just divide 2π by the coefficient b to get the new period of the curve.

Let’s start with the basic sine function, f (t) = sin(t). This function has an amplitude of 1 because the graph goes one unit up and one unit down from the midline of the graph. This function has a period of 2π because the sine wave repeats every 2π units.

In a cosine graph, a positive or negative number vertically flips the graph and determines whether the graph starts at the maximum (if it’s positive) or minimum (if it’s negative). For a sine graph, a positive or negative number vertically flips the graph like it does with a cosine graph.

The Cosine Wave, simply called “cos”, is as important as the sine wave in electrical engineering. The cosine wave has the same shape as its sine wave counterpart that is it is a sinusoidal function, but is shifted by +90o or one full quarter of a period ahead of it.

Then the waveform shape produced by our simple single loop generator is commonly referred to as a Sine Wave as it is said to be sinusoidal in its shape. This type of waveform is called a sine wave because it is based on the trigonometric sine function used in mathematics, ( x(t) = Amax.

As the coil rotates the voltage decreases according to the sine of the angle until the conductor is parallel to the magnetic field. Further rotation then increases the voltage until once again it is at a maximum (but in the opposite direction). For each revolution a complete sine wave is generated.

Sine and cosine — a.k.a., sin(θ) and cos(θ) — are functions revealing the shape of a right triangle. Looking out from a vertex with angle θ, sin(θ) is the ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse , while cos(θ) is the ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse .

The Tan Θ is the ratio of the Opposite side to the Adjacent, where (Θ) is one of the acute angles. Tan /Theta = /frac{Opposite Side}{Adjacent Side}

In a right angled triangle, the cosine of an angle is: The length of the adjacent side divided by the length of the hypotenuse. The abbreviation is cos. cos(θ) = adjacent / hypotenuse. Well Done!

As you can see below, the cos-1 (1) is 270° or, in radian measure, 3Π/2 . ‘-1’ represents the minimum value of the cosine function ever gets and happens at Π and then again at 3Π ,at 5Π etc..

In other words, the cosine of an angle in a right triangle equals the adjacent side divided by the hypotenuse: Also, cos A = sin B = b/c.