The coefficient for this recovery is the Critical Flow Factor. It is discovered by dividing the downstream pressure after vena contracta by the downstream pressure at vena contracta, then calculating the square root of that number.

As critical velocity is the minimum velocity required to put a satellite into orbit. And orbital velocity is the velocity required to keep a satellite moving in an orbit.

Therefore, the angular velocity is dimensionally represented as [M0 L0 T-1].

Definitions. Critical Flow: The variation of specific energy with depth at a constant discharge shows a minimum in the specific energy at a depth called critical depth at which the Froude number has a value of one. Critical depth is also the depth of maximum discharge, when the specific energy is held constant.

The Froude number is a measurement of bulk flow characteristics such as waves, sand bedforms, flow/depth interactions at a cross section or between boulders. The denominator represents the speed of a small wave on the water surface relative to the speed of the water, called wave celerity.

The critical depth for a rectangular channel can be calculated from the fact that the Froude number is equal to one at critical flow conditions. For a rectangular channel , this fact leads to the equation: Vc/(gyc)1/2 = 1, where the subscript c is used to indicate critical flow conditions for the velocity and depth.

Normal depth is the depth of flow that would occur if the flow was uniform and steady, and is usually predicted using the Manning’s Equation. Critical depth is defined as the depth of flow where energy is at a minimum for a particular discharge.

6. What is the normal depth denoted as? Explanation: Normal depth is denoted as Yn. The normal depth plays an important role in determining the hydraulic slope and hydraulic curve of a fluid flow in motion.

The depths of flow can be either PR = y1 or PR` = y`1. These two possible depths having the same specific energy are known as alternate depths. In Fig. (5.1), a line (OS) drawn such that E = y (i.e. at 450 to the abscissa) is the asymptote of the upper limb of the specific energy curve.

Alternate depths are defined as the depths of flow in open channels for which the specific energy is the same. Solution to problems concerning transition in the width and bottom of the channels requires computation of alternate depths.

Conjugate, or sequent, depths are the paired depths that result upstream and downstream of a hydraulic jump, with the upstream flow being supercritical and downstream flow being subcritical.

For the trapezoidal cross section, the maximum error of critical flow depth is less than 6 × 10−6% (near exact solution) and the maximum error of normal depth is less than 0.25% (very accurate solution).

Answer: normal depth = 0.878 m. (b) At the normal depth, ℎ = 0.8783 m: = = 24 6 × 0.8783 = 4.554 m s−1 Fr ≡ √ ℎ = 4.554 √9.81 × 0.8783 = 1.551 Answer: Froude number = 1.55. (c) The critical depth is that depth (at the given flow rate) for which Fr = 1.

Thus, for maximum velocity of flow, the depth of water in circular channel should be equal to 0.81 times the diameter of the channel.

The cross section of water flowing through a channel or pipe divided by the wetted perimeter of the conduit. Synonym of: hydraulic radius. Ref: Hammond. Prev: hydraulic mainNext: hydraulic mine filling Glossary Search.

Flow capacity is controlled at the entrance by the headwater depth, cross-sectional area and type of inlet edge. Culverts under inlet control will always flow partially full and are in a state of shallow, high velocity known as Supercritical flow.

Calculate the channel slope. Using the formula, slope equals change in elevation divided by ground distance. For example, if the ground distance is 11/16 or 0.69 inches and the scale factor is 1 inch equals 2,000 feet per inch, this equals 1,380 feet.