Farming will look very different by then; vertical farming is one possible way to increase food production per unit area in cities in the future. Though this solution is completely theoretical at this point, vertical farming could become an important solution for highly developed urban areas with a high budget.

The followings are various environmental stress in rural areas:

• Use of chemical fertilisers: Rural people previously were using mostly organic fertilisers for their farming.
• Use of chemical pesticides:
• Desertification:
• Housing and fuel wood:
• Sanitation:
• Health services:
• Electricity and water supply:
• Transport:

Climate change and its influence on health and well-being pose increasing challenges for cities. Heat stress, air pollution or carbon emission, are higher in urban than in rural settings. Hence, humans living in urban areas are at particular risk for higher morbidity and mortality and reduced well-being [59].

Indian cities, in general, have more people living per square kilometre of space than other cities around the world, leading to under-provision of public open spaces for recreation and exercise. These factors in totality predispose them to diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.

Solutions to Urbanization

1. Building Sustainable and Environmentally-friendly Cities. Governments should pass laws that plan and provide environmentally sound cities and smart growth techniques, considering that people should not reside in unsafe and polluted areas.
2. Provision of Essential Services.
3. Creation of More Jobs.
4. Population Control.

Urban farming, also known as urban agriculture is a way for urban dwellers to grow their own food, or at least have access to local food. You get fresher, healthier food—herbs, vegetables and fruits—and are more likely to eat what’s in season, when you eat what’s produced on an urban farm.

ROME (Thomson Reuters Foundation) – They may look small scale, but rooftop farms, vertical gardens and allotments could prove crucial in fighting hunger in urban areas, researchers said Wednesday.

Some of the most effective approaches include:

1. Passing or revising codes that limit the use of pesticides and fertilizers.
2. Enforcing time restrictions on the use of noisy farm equipment (although this is not typically an issue on small plots where hand tools are most common)

There are many ways to enhance job opportunities for students of agriculture. For instance, the government needs to come up with schemes so that students are given a licence to market and supply fertilisers and pesticides.

Over decades of science and practice, several key sustainable farming practices have emerged—for example:

1. Rotating crops and embracing diversity.
2. Planting cover crops.
3. Reducing or eliminating tillage.
4. Applying integrated pest management (IPM).
5. Integrating livestock and crops.
6. Adopting agroforestry practices.

Below we present some methods of improving farming production….How to Improve Farming Productivity

1. Implementation of land reforms.
2. Interplant.
3. Plant more densely.
4. Plant many crops.
5. Raised beds.
6. Smart water management.
7. Heat Tolerant Varieties.

Additionally, organic farming is less dependent on fossil fuels, expensive inputs, and annual loans, making it less vulnerable to financial market fluctuations. Organic is a low-waste system that emphasizes quality over quantity, meaning it uses less land for the same profit.