For example:

Punishment serves numerous social-control functions, but it is usually jus- tified on the principles of retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, rehabilita- tion, and/or restoration.

Modernisation process is also a main reason for the crimes to occur. Due to the rapid urbanisations and the increase cost of living also cause an increase in crime rate in India.

1. Lock doors and windows.
2. Invest in a home security system.
3. Turn on outside lights from dusk until dawn.
4. Trim shrubs, bushes, and trees in front of or near windows.
5. Turn on inside lights when out for the evening.
6. Don’t leave your garage door opener or car keys in an obvious place within the house.

Nine policies to reduce violence that your country needs right now

1. 1) Strengthen data systems. Some forms of violence tend to be well-recorded: murders, for example.
2. 2) Ban corporal punishment.
3. 3) Positive parenting.
4. 4) Rewrite rape laws.
5. 5) Healing trauma.
6. 6) Fighting sexual violence.
7. 9) Designing out violence.

There are many causes of violence including “frustration, exposure to violent media, violence in the home or neighbourhood and a tendency to see other people’s actions as hostile even when they’re not.

Violence is an extreme form of aggression, such as assault, rape or murder. Violence has many causes, including frustration, exposure to violent media, violence in the home or neighborhood and a tendency to see other people’s actions as hostile even when they’re not.

The WRVH divides violence into three categories according to who has committed the violence: self‐directed, interpersonal or collective; and into four further categories according to the nature of violence: physical, sexual, psychological or involving deprivation or neglect (fig 1​).

Most Common Forms

• Physical Abuse: This can include actions such as pushing, restraining, slapping/punching, kicking, scratching, etc.
• Emotional Abuse: Typically, emotional abuse begins verbally.
• Economic Abuse: This can happen when a partner doesn’t allow their spouse to have control over their own finances.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identifies four types of intimate partner violence—physical violence, sexual violence, stalking, and psychological aggression.

Violence against women can cause long-term physical and mental health problems. These effects include harm to an individual’s health, possibly long-term harm to children, and harm to communities such as lost work and homelessness. …

Children who witness or are victims of emotional, physical, or sexual abuse are at higher risk for health problems as adults. These can include mental health conditions, such as depression and anxiety. They may also include diabetes, obesity, heart disease, poor self-esteem, and other problems.

This lack of emotional support can lead to heightened fear, anxiety, depression, anger, posttraumatic stress, social withdrawal, the use of illicit drugs, alcohol dependence, and even suicidal ideation. It is clear that the psychological and emotional wounds of domestic violence are devastating.

Women between the ages of 18-24 are most commonly abused by an intimate partner. 19% of domestic violence involves a weapon. Domestic victimization is correlated with a higher rate of depression and suicidal behavior. Only 34% of people who are injured by intimate partners receive medical care for their injuries.

The vast majority of domestic violence defendants are first time offenders who have never been arrested before and are facing their first blush with the criminal justice system. Although it may seem very confusing, frustrating and stressful to go through the process most cases end with a dismissal of all charges.

It is estimated that more than ten million people experience domestic violence in the U.S. each year. The ten states with the highest rate of females murdered by males were, as of 2010, Nevada, South Carolina, Tennessee, Louisiana, Virginia, Texas, New Mexico, Hawaii, Arizona, Georgia.

30,000 deaths