Parts Per Million (ppm) Concentration Calculations

“ppm” is a measurement of parts per million while “ppmv” is a measurement of parts per million volume. “ppm” should always be followed by: “by-weight” or suffixed by “w” that is “ppmw” while “ppmv” in itself is self-explanatory and need not be suffixed or followed by any other word.

parts per million by volume

1. Write an equation representing the ppm concentration: ppm = mass solute (mg) ÷ volume solution (L)
2. Extract the data from the question: mass solute (NaCl) = 0.0045 g.
3. Convert the mass in grams to a mass in milligrams: mass NaCl = 0.0045 g = 0.0045 g × 1000 mg/g = 4.5 mg.

Just as per cent means out of a hundred, so parts per million or ppm means out of a million. Usually describes the concentration of something in water or soil. One ppm is equivalent to 1 milligram of something per liter of water (mg/l) or 1 milligram of something per kilogram soil (mg/kg).

In these cases, the volume of the solution in milliliters is equal to the mass of the solution in grams. Thus, the units of grams and milliliters of such solutions become interchangeable. The equation for determining ppm then simplifies to: ppm = (milligrams of solute) / (liters of solution).

Updated March 25, 2019. PPM Definition: PPM stands for parts per million. It is commonly used to express concentration and temperature coefficients. Also Known As: parts per million. Examples: 100 ppm is identical to 0.01%

Calculate the concentration in ppb by multiplying the ratio of the mass of solute to mass of solution by 1 billion, or 1,000,000,000. In the case of a mass ratio of 0.000005, this would give 5,000 ppb.

ppb↔mg/L 1 mg/L = 1000 ppb. ppb↔mg/mL 1 mg/mL = 1000000 ppb.

Parts per billion (ppb) is the number of units of mass of a contaminant per 1000 million units of total mass. Also µg/L or micrograms per liter.

Neutralize with 1N sulfuric acid solution, and add 20 mL in excess; dilute to 1 L volume with distilled water and mix. Pipet 10 mL of this solution in a 1 L volumetric flask, add 20 mL of 1N sulfuric acid, dilute to volume with distilled water and mix. Prepare fresh daily.

To make a dilution, you simply add a small quantity of a concentrated stock solution to an amount of pure solvent. The resulting solution contains the amount of solute originally taken from the stock solution but disperses that solute throughout a greater volume.

When a concentrated solution is diluted, the dilution factor may be expressed as the ratio of the concentration of stock solution to the concentration of the diluted solution. As another example, a 2-fold dilution is the same as a dilution factor of 2.

Because ppm and ppb are actually fractions when expressed as numbers, and the “million” and “billion” go in the denominator, so ppm needs to register in your mind as being a thousand times greater in concentration than ppb (regardless of the specific units used). Simply, ppm = ppb/1,000, and ppb = (1,000)ppm.

You can weight 500 mg or 0.500 g of solid pesticide and dissolve it in one liter of solvent such as distilled water.

Dilution factor is defined as: total volume of solution per aliquot volume. Where total volume of solution is: 10.0 + 240.0 = 250.0 mL (volumetric flask.) Note: For multiple dilutions the dilution factor is the product of the dilution factors for each individual dilution.

A two-fold dilution reduces the concentration of a solution by a factor of two that is reduces the original concentration by one half. A series of two-fold dilutions is described as two-fold serial dilutions.

If you have a 1:3 dilution, i.e. a 1:3 dilution ratio, this means that you add 1 unit volume of solute (e.g., concentrate) to 3 unit volumes of the solvent (e.g., water), which will give a total of 4 units of volume.

Dilution of a solution is the decrease of the concentration of solutes in that solution. Dilution factor (dilution ratio) is the ratio between the final volume and the initial volume of the solution. Dilution is the decrease in concentration.