The cataracts were river rapids. This shows that lands south of Egypt would have to travel by water to reach the civilization. This influenced life in the region because it protected the Egyptians, allowing them to create more inventions and expand their growing civilization.

Besides the Kushite invasion, for most of Egyptian history, the Nile’s cataracts, particularly the First Cataract, primarily served as a natural border to prevent most crossings from the south, as those in said region would rely on river travel to venture north and south.

This is called “rapids or “white water”. River cataracts often go with a rapid down-drop of the river. They block the waterway, since boats cannot safely carry cargo though. The six first cataracts of the River Nile were the main obstacles for boats sailing on the Nile in antiquity.

How did the cataracts of the Nile affect Nubian trade? The cataracts prevented Nubians from trading by traveling on the river, so Nubian trade routes had to be over land. Kemet means “the black lands.” They referred to their land this way because it was composed of the dark soil left by the Nile’s floods.

The ancient egyptians believed the five parts of the soul were the Ba, the Ren, the Ib, the Ka, and the Sheut.

• The Ba was the personality, whatever makes them unique.
• The Ren was the secret name, the identity of the person.
• The Ka was the life force that leaves the body when it dies.

The key reasons why so many people are choosing cremation are: Separation of family across the U.S. (non-traditional family nucleus) Increasing acceptance of the cremation process in our culture. Eco-consciousness tendencies in consumers (don’t want to take up precious land space with a traditional burial in a cemetery …

The human body isn’t especially flammable, she reasons, and has high water content. Surely the fire would be doused rather quickly even if the body did manage to catch fire. That’s why it takes flames of around 1600 degrees Fahrenheit over two hours or more to cremate human remains.

Bone ash usually has a density around 3.10 g/mL and a melting point of 1670 °C (3038 °F). Most bones retain their cellular structure through calcination.

Cow bone ash

Heating caused the bone to become brittle without any considerable changes in the surface features. Gradual cooling induced surface hardening. Heating was not found to affect indentation-induced surface distortion.