Loss of genetic diversity increases the risk of extinction of a population through inbreeding depression. In addition, the number of deleterious genetic variations, which might accumulate in a small population through genetic drift, can also make the population vulnerable.

Studies have repeatedly shown that rapid reductions in genetic diversity, as we are seeing in populations worldwide, increase the risk of extinction. By moving individuals between populations, and allowing those individuals to interbreed with local populations, we generate offspring with increased genetic diversity.

Finally, genetic variation can be a result of sexual reproduction, which leads to the creation of new combinations of genes. Genetic variation in a group of organisms enables some organisms to survive better than others in the environment in which they live.

“Accurate classification of these threatened species allows understanding of the species biology and identification of distinct populations that should be managed with utmost care.” They add that DNA analysis can be instrumental in preventing illegal hunting and poaching and “for more effective implementation of the …

Evidence for outbreeding depression comes primarily from organisms with extremely limited dispersal, such as some plants, copepods, and scale insects, or from crosses between individuals from vastly different geographic sources, or with significant chromosomal differences.

A transgenic, or genetically modified, organism is one that has been altered through recombinant DNA technology, which involves either the combining of DNA from different genomes or the insertion of foreign DNA into a genome. …

Genetically modified mice have been the most common mammals used in biomedical research, as they are cheap and easy to manipulate.

mouse

No one eats genetically modified animals. That is to say, human beings have modified almost every domesticated foodstuff, plant, and animal through traditional breeding techniques. Now, no genetically engineered animals are approved for human consumption.

There is a small chance that the genes in food can transfer to cells the body or bacteria in the gut. Some GMO plants contain genes that make them resistant to certain antibiotics. This resistance could pass on to humans. There is growing concern globally that people are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics.

GM crops could be harmful, for example toxins from the crops have been detected in some people’s blood. GM crops could cause allergic reactions in people. Pollen produced by the plants could be toxic and harm insects that transfer it between plants.

Reasons to ban germline gene editing include the profound risks to future children, thin medical justifications, reinforcing existing inequalities and creating new forms of discrimination, eroding public trust in responsible science, and undermining global agreements.

Pros and Cons of Genetic Engineering

• Tackling and Defeating Diseases.
• Getting Rid of All Illnesses in Young and Unborn Children.
• Potential to Live Longer.
• Produce New Foods.
• Organisms Can be ‘Tailor-Made’
• Faster Growth in Animals and Plants.
• Pest and Disease Resistance.

Several works have been done on genetic engineering with major focus on its importance ranging from increasing plant and animal food production, diagnosing disease condition, medical treatment improvement, as well as production of vaccines and other useful drugs.

The possible benefits of genetic engineering include: More nutritious food. Tastier food. Disease- and drought-resistant plants that require fewer environmental resources (such as water and fertilizer)