The gravitational attraction causes clouds of dust and gas to form a protostar. Explanation: Turbulence deep inside these clouds offers rise to knots with a decent mass that the gas and mud will begin to collapse beneath its own attractive force. because the cloud collapses, the fabric at the middle begins to heat up.

Stars form from an accumulation of gas and dust, which collapses due to gravity and starts to form stars. The process of star formation takes around a million years from the time the initial gas cloud starts to collapse until the star is created and shines like the Sun.

Stars are formed from massive clouds of dust and gas in space. Gravity pulls the dust and gas together to form a protostar. As the gases come together, they get hot. A star forms when it is hot enough for nuclear reactions to start.

1. Star Formation Shapes the Appearance of the Universe and Provides the Sites for Planets.
2. Step 1: initial collapse of an interstellar cloud.
3. Step 2: the cloud fragments into clumps . The fragmentation is related to turbulence in the collapsing cloud. (
4. Step 3: The clumps collapse into a stars.

Some types of stars expire with titanic explosions, called supernovae. When a star like the Sun dies, it casts its outer layers into space, leaving its hot, dense core to cool over the eons. But some other types of stars expire with titanic explosions, called supernovae.

When a star like the Sun has burned all of its hydrogen fuel, it expands to become a red giant. This may be millions of kilometres across – big enough to swallow the planets Mercury and Venus. After puffing off its outer layers, the star collapses to form a very dense white dwarf.

The dead star, called a white dwarf, can be seen at the center of the image as a white dot….

The best models hold that the final stages of stellar evolution depend critically on the mass of the star. As a rule of thumb, low-mass stars die gently, whereas high-mass stars die violently. The dividing line between these two very different outcomes lies around 8 times the mass of the Sun.

Having too much matter causes the star to explode, resulting in a supernova. As the star runs out of nuclear fuel, some of its mass flows into its core. Eventually, the core is so heavy that it cannot withstand its own gravitational force. The core collapses, which results in the giant explosion of a supernova.

Small stars, like the Sun, will undergo a relatively peaceful and beautiful death that sees them pass through a planetary nebula phase to become a white dwarf, which eventually cools down over time and stops glowing to become a so-called “black dwarf”.

Step 1 – Green – A cloud of gas and dust collapses due to gravity, creating a protostar. Step 4 – Red – The star expands into a red giant when the star’s hydrogen level drops. Step 5 – Orange – Different fusion processes occur.

The remnants of the stellar core which are left after the supernovae explosion will follow one of two paths: neutron star or black hole.

Stars about the size of our sun go through the same first four stages as does any other star. They begin their lives as a nebula, then become a Protostar, eventually becoming a main sequence star and finally a red giant.

The final fate of a very massive star, whether it explodes as core collapse supernova, as pair instability supernova, as black-hole accretiondriven supernova, as gamma-ray burst, or just collapses to a black hole, depends on how much mass the star has left when it reached the end of its evolution.

If the core is larger, it will collapse into a black hole. To turn into a neutron star, a star must start with about 7 to 20 times the mass of the Sun before the supernova. Only stars with more than 20 times the mass of the Sun will become black holes.

If star begins with 8-40 solar masses the core becomes a neutron star – collapse stops because of degeneracy pressure of neutrons – radius 5-6 km.

supernova