Applying theory to nursing practice has many advantages for the nurses and the profession. This gives nurses the opportunity to organize principles that will help evaluate patient care and improve the nursing interventions based on the evaluation findings.

The nursing process has three steps in Rogers’ Theory of Unitary Human Beings: assessment, voluntary mutual patterning, and evaluation.

According to the four concepts common in nursing theory; the person (patient), the environment, health & nursing (goals, roles, functions) can be analyzed. Each of these concepts is usually defined and described by a nursing theorist. Of the four concepts, the most important is that of the person.

The theory of unpleasant symptoms has three major components: the symptoms that the individual is experiencing, the influencing factors that give rise to or affect the nature of the symptom experience, and the consequences of the symptom experience.

Mishel’s uncertainty in illness theory provides a conceptual framework to explain how uncertainty is generated and how it affects psychological ad- justment to the cancer experience.

LOGICAL ADEQUACY Denotes the logical structure of the concepts and statements independent of their meaning. USEFULNESS Concerns on how practical and helpful the theory is to the discipline in providing a sense of understanding or predictable outcomes. 14.

Kolcaba’s theory of comfort explains comfort as a fundamental need of all human beings for relief, ease, or transcendence arising from health care situations that are stressful. Comfort can enhance health-seeking behaviors for patients, family members, and nurses.

safe, supported and cared for

It helps to distinguish what should form the basis of practice by explicitly describing nursing. The benefits of having a defined body of theory in nursing include better patient care, enhanced professional status for nurses, improved communication between nurses, and guidance for research and education (Nolan 1996).

The nursing process functions as a systematic guide to client-centered care with 5 sequential steps. These are assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Assessment is the first step and involves critical thinking skills and data collection; subjective and objective.