While the Osage people are no longer among the richest people, the effects of the oil industry are still felt today. Many Osages still receive their quarterly royalty payments, known today as headrights.

Native Americans resisted the efforts of the Europeans to gain more land and control during the colonial period, but they struggled to do so against a sea of problems, including new diseases, the slave trade, and an ever-growing European population.

The number of people in the U.S. identifying as American Indian has climbed in recent years, with California, Arizona and Oklahoma accounting for the largest concentration of the nation’s American Indian and Alaska Native populations, according to a new USAFacts analysis of Census Bureau data.

GRANN: So, yes, the Osage were typical of many American-Indian nations. They were driven off their lands. They once controlled much of the Midwest of the country. In the 1800s, President Thomas Jefferson referred to them as that great nation and promised to treat them as their friends.

In concert with their effective management of grazing contracts to Anglos, the Osage amassed enormous wealth during the twentieth century from their oil and gas deposits, eventually becoming the wealthiest tribe in North America.

The Chickasaw are the richest and most politically connected of the Five, whose numbers include the Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, and Muscogee Creek. All came to Oklahoma in the early 19th Century after being forcibly removed from the Southeast to make room for white expansion.

This is a list of federally recognized Native American Tribes in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Oklahoma has the third largest numbers of tribes, behind Alaska and California….List of Native American tribes in Oklahoma.

Five Civilized Tribes, term that has been used officially and unofficially since at least 1866 to designate the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole Indians in Oklahoma (former Indian Territory).

Five Civilized Tribes (Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole) Beginning in the 1820’s, the U.S. Government began moving all tribes east of the Mississippi River to the Indian Territory in western Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma.

Shakopee Mdewakanton

Some of the Indian Tribes of Oklahoma are:

• Alabama.
• Apache.
• Apalachee.
• Arapaho.
• Biloxi.
• Caddo.
• Cherokee.
• Cheyenne.