Local regulators are chemical signals that travel over short distancesby diffusion. At synapses, neurons often secrete chemical signals called neurotransmitters that diffuse a short distance to bind to receptors on the target cell. Neurotransmitters play a role in sensation, memory, cognition, and movement.

Examples for Growth Factors are EGF, FGF, NGF, PDGF, VEGF, IGF, GMCSF, GCSF, TGF, Erythropieitn, TPO, BMP, HGF, GDF, Neurotrophins, MSF, SGF, GDF and more. Hematopoietic growth factors are hormone-like substances that stimulate bone marrow to produce blood cells.

Growth factor, any of a group of proteins that stimulate the growth of specific tissues. Growth factors play an important role in promoting cellular differentiation and cell division, and they occur in a wide range of organisms, including insects, amphibians, humans, and plants.

A major hormone involved in this process is growth hormone (GH), also called somatotropin—a protein hormone produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.

Pituitary Disorders

• Acromegaly.
• Craniopharyngioma.
• Cushing Disease / Cushing Syndrome.
• Growth Hormone Deficiency.
• Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenoma.
• Prolactinoma.
• Rathke’s Cleft Cyst.

Treatment

1. Corticosteroids. These drugs, such as hydrocortisone (Cortef) or prednisone (Rayos), replace the adrenal hormones that aren’t being produced because of an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency.
2. Levothyroxine (Levoxyl, Synthroid, others).
3. Sex hormones.
4. Growth hormone.
5. Fertility hormones.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan They can show macroadenomas of the pituitary gland, as well as most microadenomas.